Numbers

1. ایک، دو، تین

   Ek, do, teen

   One, two, three

   Usage

   Basic numbers derived from Sanskrit/Prakrit.

   Grammar Note

   Urdu numbers derive from Sanskrit (Indo-Aryan). "Ek" shares its origin with Sanskrit "eka" (one).

2. چار، پانچ، چھ

   Char, panch, chhe

   Four, five, six

   Usage

   Numbers 4–6, used when shopping or expressing quantities.

   Grammar Note

   "Panch" derives from Sanskrit "pancha." It's also said to share its root with English "punch" (a drink with five ingredients).

3. سات، آٹھ، نو، دس

   Saat, aath, nau, das

   Seven, eight, nine, ten

   Usage

   Numbers 7–10, used in times and prices.

   Grammar Note

   "Nau" derives from Sanskrit "nava," sharing Indo-European root "*newn" with English "nine."

4. گیارہ، بارہ، پندرہ، بیس

   Gya-rah, ba-rah, pan-drah, bees

   Eleven, twelve, fifteen, twenty

   Usage

   Common numbers. Urdu has individual word forms for each number up to 19.

   Grammar Note

   Urdu often has unique forms for every number 1–99. Twenty is "bees" but twenty-one is "ikees" — completely different forms.

5. سو، ہزار، لاکھ

   Sau, ha-zaar, laakh

   Hundred, thousand, hundred thousand

   Usage

   Large numbers. "Lakh" (100,000) is a South Asian unit unique to this region.

   Grammar Note

   "Lakh" (100,000) and "karor" (10,000,000) are South Asian numeric units. "Hazar" (thousand) is from Persian — showing Urdu's multilayered vocabulary.

6. پانچ سو روپے

   Panch sau ru-paye

   Five hundred rupees

   Usage

   Pakistan's currency is the rupee (PKR). Used for prices and payments.

   Grammar Note

   "Rupiya" derives from Sanskrit "rupa" (form/silver), giving its name to currencies in India, Pakistan, Indonesia, Nepal, and more.

7. کتنے بجے ہیں؟

   Kit-ne ba-je hain?

   What time is it?

   Usage

   The basic phrase for asking the time.

   Grammar Note

   "Baje" derived from "bajna" (to strike/ring) and became standardized for time expressions. "Teen baje" = "at three o'clock."

8. ایک، دو، تین بار

   Ek, do, teen baar

   Once, twice, three times

   Usage

   Used to express frequency or number of occurrences.

   Grammar Note

   "Baar" is from Persian, meaning "time/occasion." "Ek baar" = once, "do baar" = twice.

9. تین کلو آم دیجیے

   Teen ki-lo aam di-ji-ye

   Please give me three kilos of mangoes

   Usage

   Used at a market to buy a specific quantity. Pakistani mangoes are world-renowned.

   Grammar Note

   "Aam" derives from Sanskrit "amra," which via Portuguese "manga" became English "mango." Pakistan's Chaunsa mango is prized worldwide.

10. میری عمر پچیس سال ہے

    Me-ri u-mar pa-chees saal hai

    I am twenty-five years old

    Usage

    The standard way to state one's age.

    Grammar Note

    "Umar" from Arabic means life/age, sharing roots with the name of the Companion "Umar." "Saal" (year) is from Persian.

11. اس سال میری عمر اٹھائیس سال ہو جائے گی

    is saal me-ri u-mar a-thha-is saal ho ja-ye gi

    I turn 28 this year

    Usage

    Used in the year your age changes. It is the future counterpart of the "meri umar … saal" frame for stating your age (e.g. "I am 25 years old").

    Grammar Note

    Urdu numerals 21-99 are not transparent compounds of ten plus unit; each has its own form, e.g. sattais (27), aṭṭhais (28). "Umar" is feminine, so the future agrees as feminine "ho jaye gi".

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